17453 Results for: "1,6-Naphthyridin-5-yltrifluoromethanesulfonate"

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Prosapip1 is a binding partner of the postsynaptic density (PSD) protein ProSAP2/Shank3, a major scaffolding protein in excitatory brain synapses. Prosapip1 is thought to bind ProSAP2/Shank3 through ProSAP2/Shank3's PDZ domain and link it in turn to the Spine-associated Rap-Gap (SPAR). Prosapip1 shares significant homology with another PSD protein, PSD-Zip70, with both coding for a Fez1 domain that can be found in a total of four related protein, forming a novel family of scaffolding molecules termed ‘Fezzins'. Recent studies show that Prosapip1 can be found in endocrine cells in which it is localized primarily in the hormone-storing compartment of these cells, suggesting that Prosapip1 may have other functions in non-neuronal cells.

Supplier: Prosci

ZIP3 Antibody: The zinc transporter ZIP3, also known as SLC39A3, is a member of a family of divalent ion transporters. Zinc is an essential ion for cells and plays significant roles in the growth, development, and differentiation. Similar to knock-outs of ZIP1 and ZIP2, ZIP3-null mice have no phenotypic differences compared to wild-type mice. Only when ZIP1, ZIP2, and ZIP3 genes are all eliminated and these mutant mice are fed a zinc-deficient diet do abnormalities such as reduced embryonic-membrane bound alkaline phosphatase activity and abnormal development occur, indicating that the ZIP1-3 proteins play an important, noncompensatory role when zinc is deficient. More recent studies have shown that ZIP2 and ZIP3 are down regulated in human prostate adenocarcinomatous glands, and may be important in the retention of zinc in the cellular compartment.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Autophagy, the process of bulk degradation of cellular proteins through an autophagosomic-lysosomal pathway is important for normal growth control and may be defective in tumor cells. It is involved in the preservation of cellular nutrients under starvation conditions as well as the normal turnover of cytosolic components. This process is negatively regulated by TOR (Target of rapamycin) through phosphorylation of autophagy protein APG1. ATG5, another member of the autophagy protein family, forms a conjugate with ATG12; this conjugate has a ubiquitin-protein ligase (E3)-like activity for protein lipidation in autophagy. This conjugate also associates with innate immune response proteins such as RIG-I and VISA (also known as IPS-1), inhibiting type I interferon production and permitting viral replication in host cells.

Supplier: Prosci

Slitrk6 Antibody: SLIT and NTRK-like family 6 (Slitrk6) is a member a protein family consisting of six homologous transmembrane proteins (Slitrk1-6) that share two conserved leucine-rich repeat domains in the extracellular domain and have significant homology to Slit, a secreted axonal growth-controlling protein. These proteins are also homologous to trk neurotrophin receptors in their intracellular domains. Expression of Slitrk proteins is highly restricted to neural and brain tumor tissues, but varies within the protein family. Slitrk6 expression has been observed in tissues such as tongue, lung, gastrointestinal tract, and pancreas. Like every other Slitrk protein except Slitrk1, overexpression of Slitrk6 inhibited neurite outgrowth in cultured neurons, suggesting that these proteins are involved in the control of neurite outgrowth. At least two isoforms of Slitrk6 are known to exisit.

Supplier: ANTIBODIES.COM LLC

Human PGC1 alpha ELISA kit is a 90 minutes sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (sELISA) designed for the in vitro quantitative determination of human PGC1 alpha in serum, plasma, and other biological fluids.

Supplier: Lighthouse Worldwide

LWS has developed the SHIELD N95 disposable respirator to fit more comfortably and securely than any other respirator on the market. The SHIELD focuses on what matters most to the end-user: fit, breathability, visibility, and durability.

Supplier: Prosci

Caspase-12 Antibody: (Large)Three distinct signaling pathways lead to programmed cell death (apoptosis). The death receptor and mitochondrion pathways are the main, in which the key apoptotic proteases capase-8 and caspase-9, respectively, are involved. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is the third apoptotic pathway and caspase-12 is involved. Caspase-12 is localized to the ER but not to cytoplasm or mitochondrion. Caspase-12 is activated by ER stress, including disruption of ER calcium homeostasis, and mediates ER stress-induced apoptosis. Caspase-12 is co-localized to the ER with several proteins that are involved in Alzheimer's disease including gamma-secretase presenilin and beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP). Caspase-12 mediates cytotoxicity induced by amyloid-beta. Caspase-12 is ubiquitously expressed in mouse tissues.

Supplier: Prosci

GALNT10 Antibody: Protein glycosylation is an important biological process that is carried out by a large family of glycosyltransferases that catalyze the synthesis of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. Polypeptide GalNAc transferases initiate the synthesis of mucin-type oligosaccharides by transferring GalNAc from UDP-GalNAc to the hydroxyl group of either a serine or threonine residue on the polypeptide acceptor. Polypeptide galactoaminyltransferase 10 (GALNT10) belongs to the polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyl-transferase (pp-GalNAc-T) protein family. Following expression in insect cells, recombinant GALNT10 showed significant GalNAcT activity toward mucin-derived peptides, and it utilized both non-glycosylated and glycosylated peptide substrates. GALNT10 mRNA is highly expressed in several distinct hypothalamic, thalamic, and amygdaloid nuclei in mouse brain. At least four isoforms of GALNT10 are known to exist.

Supplier: Prosci

BACE2 Antibody: Accumulation of the amyloid-beta (Abeta) plaque in the cerebral cortex is a critical event in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Abeta peptide is generated by proteolytic cleavage of the beta-amyloid protein precursor (APP) at beta- and gamma-sites by proteases. The long-sought beta-secretase was recently identified by several groups independently and designated beta-site APP cleaving enzyme (BACE) and aspartyl protease 2 (Asp2). A BACE homolog was recently cloned and designated BACE2, Asp1, DRAP (for Down region aspartic protease), and memapsin 1. BACE2 also cleaves APP at beta-site and at a different site within Abeta. BACE2 locates on chromosome 21q22.3, the so-called ‘Down critical region', suggesting that BACE2 and Abeta may also contribute to the pathogenesis of Down syndrome.

Supplier: Prosci

Rift Valley Fever Virus Polymerase Antibody: Rift Valley Fever (RFV) virus is an arthropod-borne virus endemic to Africa that infects humans and animals that is transmitted predominantly by mosquitoes. During human infections, symptoms can range from benign fever to severe encephalitis and fatal hepatitis with hemorrhagic fever. The Bunyaviridae family of viruses to which the RVF virus belongs are spherical enveloped viruses with a tripartite RNA genome of negative or ambisense polarity. The three segments are referred to as the L, M, and S segments. The L and M segments are negative polarity and code fore the L-dependent RNA polymerase and glycoprotein precursor respectively. The S segment is of ambisense polarity and encodes the nucleoprotein and non-structural proteins.

Supplier: Prosci

ATF6 Antibody: Disruptions of protein folding and maturation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) result in the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), an integrated cellular signaling pathway that transmits information from the ER lumen to the cytoplasm and nucleus. Activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) as well as the ER-transmembrane protein kinases IRE1p and PERK are the major transducers of the UPR. ATF6 is an ER transmembrane protein that is normally bound to the ER chaperone GRP78, but upon ER stress is released from GRP78 and proteolytically cleaved to yield a cytosolic fragment which then migrates to the nucleus, and together with the transcription factor XBP-1, activates transcription of UPR-responsive genes. ATF6 has two isoforms (ATF6 alpha and ATF6 beta ); only ATF6 alpha is recognized by this antibody.

Supplier: Prosci

TLR5 Antibody: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are evolutionarily conserved pattern-recognition molecules resembling the toll proteins that mediate antimicrobial responses in Drosophila. These proteins recognize different microbial products during infection and serve as an important link between the innate and adaptive immune responses. The TLRs act through adaptor molecules such as MyD88 and TIRAP to activate various kinases and transcription factors so the organism can respond to potential infection. TLR5 recognizes flagellin from both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and will cause the activation of NF-kappa B, leading to the activation of TNF-alpha and other cytokines. A common TLR5 stop codon polymorphism that disrupts TLR5 signaling is associated with susceptibility to Legionnaires'disease and demonstrates the importance of TLR5 in the innate immune response.

Supplier: Prosci

PIST Antibody: Autophagy, the process of bulk degradation of cellular proteins through an autophagosomic-lysosomal pathway is important for normal growth control and may be defective in tumor cells. It is involved in the preservation of cellular nutrients under starvation conditions as well as the normal turnover of cytosolic components and is negatively regulated by TOR (Target of rapamycin). PIST, a PDZ-containing protein, was discovered in a yeast two-hybrid system as a binding partner to Beclin-1, a Bcl-2-interacting protein homologous to the yeast autophagy gene apg6. Experiments with mutant PIST proteins lacking the PDZ domain showed that PIST interaction with Beclin-1 through its coiled-coil domain can modulate Beclin-1 activity and suggest that PIST interactions with other proteins through its PDZ domain may regulate the activity of PIST and Beclin-1.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascades are activated in response to various extracellular stimuli, including cytokines, growth factors and environmental stresses. A novel MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) was recently identified and designated ASK1 (for apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1) and MAPKKK5. ASK1 activated two different subgroups of MAPKK, MKK4 and MKK6, which in turn activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAP kinase, respectively. ASK1/MAPKKK5 is activated by TNFR and Fas through the interaction with members of the TRAF family and Fas-associated protein Daxx. Overexpression of ASK1 induced apoptotic cell death, and a catalytically inactive form of ASK1 inhibited TNF-a-induced apoptosis. ASK1 is expressed in variety of tissues and cell lines.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Apoptosis inhibitor of macrophages (AIM) is a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain superfamily (SRCR-SF) initially identified as an inducible cell surface ligand of CD5. It was shown that AIM functions in the thymus as the inducer of resistance to apoptosis within CD4+/CD8+ thymocytes and as the supporter of the viability of these cells before thymic selection. AIM was also shown to support macrophage survival and enhance their phagocytic function. More recent experiments using recombinant AIM significantly inhibited apoptosis of NKT and T cells obtained from C. parvum-stimulated livers in vitro, suggesting that AIM functions to induce resistance to apoptosis in these cells and supports host defense against inflammation during infection.

Supplier: Prosci

IRF4 Antibody: Interferons (IFNs) are involved in a multitude of immune interactions during viral infections and play a major role in both the induction and regulation of innate and adaptive antiviral mechanisms. During infection, host-virus interactions signal downstream molecules such as transcription factors such as IFN regulatory factor-3 (IRF3) which can act to stimulate transcription of IFN-alpha/beta genes. Another member, IRF7 has been shown to play a role in the transcriptional activation of virus-inducible cellular genes, including interferon beta chain genes. IRF4 expression is tightly regulated in resting primary T cells and plays an essential role in the homeostasis and function of mature lymphocytes. IRF4 is induced by Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation and acts as a negative regulator of TLR signaling.

Supplier: Prosci

Slitrk2 Antibody: SLIT and NTRK-like family 2 (Slitrk2) is a member a protein family consisting of six homologous transmembrane proteins (Slitrk1-6) that share two conserved leucine-rich repeat domains in the extracellular domain and have significant homology to Slit, a secreted axonal growth-controlling protein. These proteins are also homologous to trk neurotrophin receptors in their intracellular domains. Expression of Slitrk proteins is highly restricted to neural and brain tumor tissues, but varies within the family. For example, Slitrk2 is expressed primarily in neurons in the ventricular layer of the brain. Like every other Slitrk protein except Slitrk1, overexpression of Slitrk2 inhibited neurite outgrowth in cultured neurons. Deletion analysis indicated that the functional difference between Slitrk2 and Slitrk1 is within their intracellular domains. At least two isoforms of this protein are known to exist.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Interleukin 17 (IL-17) is a family of pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by activated T cells and is thought to have a major role in the initiation and perpetuation of rheumatoid arthritis. IL-17 regulates the activities of NF-kB and mitogen-activated protein kinases such as ERK and JNK. In addition, IL-17 stimulates the expression of IL-6 and cyclooxygenase-2 and enhances the production of nitric oxide. IL-17-producing T helper cells (TH-17 cells) have been the subject of much attention due to the importance of IL-17 in the pathogenesis of autoimmune inflammation. Because of its role in autoimmune diseases, it is thought that targeting the production and action of IL-17 would be beneficial therapeutically in these diseases.

Supplier: Prosci

KCTD15 Antibody: Childhood and adult obesity in the United States and to a lesser extent the rest of the world has increased dramatically over the past decade. Both environmental and genetic factors are involved in the onset and progression of weight gain. Recently, the potassium channel KCTD15 was identified as a genetic loci associated with higher than normal body mass index (BMI) in humans along with genes such as GNPDA2, MTCH2, FTO, and TMEM18. Further studies on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in non-diabetic and diabetic patients showed that FTO was most strongly associated with obesity while MTCH2 and GNPDA2 were still significantly associated with higher than normal BMI levels. At least two isoforms of KCTD15 are known to exist.

Supplier: Prosci

Bax Antibody: Apoptosis plays a major role in normal organism development, tissue homeostasis, and removal of damaged cells. Disruption of this process has been implicated in a variety of diseases such as cancer. The Bcl-2 family of proteins is comprised of critical regulators of apoptosis that can be divided into two classes: those that inhibit apoptosis and those that promote cell death. Bax, a pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member, is a cytosolic protein that changes conformation and translocates to the mitochondria following apoptotic stimuli. It is thought to share significant functional homology with Bak, another pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member, as disruption of bax or bak has little effect on cell death, but mice lacking both genes display multiple developmental defects and cells lacking both show decreased apoptotic capability.

Supplier: Prosci

BAFF Antibody: Members in the TNF superfamily regulate immune responses and induce apoptosis. A novel member in the TNF family was recently identified by several groups and designated BAFF (for B cell Activating Factor belonging to the TNF Family), BLyS (for B Lymphocyte Stimulator), TALL-1 (for TNF- and ApoL-related Leukocyte-expressed Ligand), and THANK (for TNF Homologue that Activate Apoptosis, NF-kappa B and c-jun N-terminal Kinase). BAFF/BLyS was characterized as a B cell activator since it induced B cell proliferation and immunoglobulin secretion. Three receptors for BAFF were recently identified and designated TACI, BCMA and BAFF-R. BAFF and its receptors are essential for B cell development, survival, and humoral immune responses. BAFF is involved in the development of autoimmune diseases including systemic lupus erythaematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

The many different serotypes of human adenoviruses (Ad) are divided into six subgroups, of which all Ad subgroup A and B and two subgroup D Ads can elicit tumors in infected rodents. Unlike the Ads from subgroup A and B, the ones from subgroup D, Ad9 and Ad10 elicit estrogen-dependent mammary tumors as opposed to undifferentiated sarcomas. In the case of Ad9, its tumorigenicity is dependent on the product of the open reading frame (ORF) 1 of the early region 4 (E4). The tumorigenic potential of Ad9 E4 Orf1 depends on a carboxyl-terminal PDZ domain-binding motif that mediates interactions with several different membrane-associated cellular proteins such as MUPP1, PATJ, MAGI-1, ZO-2 and Dlg1. It has been suggested that Ad9 E4 Orf1 may have evolved from an ancestral cellular dUTP pyrophosphatase.

Supplier: Prosci

IRF8 Antibody: Interferons (IFN)s are involved in a multitude of immune interactions during viral infections and play a major role in both the induction and regulation of innate and adaptive antiviral mechanisms. During infection, host-virus interactions signal downstream molecules such as transcription factors such as IFN regulatory factor-3 (IRF3) which can act to stimulate transcription of IFN-alpha/beta genes. Unlike IRF3, IRF8 appears to act as a negative regulator of IFN-induced genes in most cases, but IRF8 mediates activation of NF-kappa B by the toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) after stimulation by unmethylated CpG DNA in dendritic cells. Finally, it has been shown that IRF8 decreases bcl-2 expression and thus may play a role in chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Supplier: Thermo Scientific

Thermo Scientific Hypersil GOLD™ aQ Polar endcapped C18 preparative columns are perfect for challenging reversed phase separations using highly aqueous mobile phases. The columns come in a wide range of dimensions and an option for XtendedLife hardware which improves column lifetime by maintaining a uniform packed bed.

Supplier: Thermo Scientific

Scale up from analytical to a preparative LC method with Thermo Scientific™ Hypersil™ PREP BDS C8 reversed phase preparative HPLC column.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

The lysosomal integral membrane protein 2 (LIMP2) is a heavily glycosylated type III transmembrane protein, the majority of which exists in the lumen of the lysosome and a cytoplasmic domain of approximately 20 amino acids. A deficiency of LIMP2 in mice causes uretic pelvic junction obstruction, deafness, and peripheral neuropathy associated with impaired vesicular trafficking and distribution of apically expressed proteins. More recently, LIMP2 was shown to act as a receptor to bind beta-glucocerebrosidase, the enzyme defective in Gaucher disease, a lysosomal storage disorder. LIMP2-deficient mice showed missorted as well as secreted beta-glucocerebrosidase, suggesting that LIMP2 also functions as the mannose-6-phosphate-independent trafficking receptor.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Recent studies have examined how overexpression of certain genes enhances the tropism of neural stem cells (NSCs) for gliomas. Overexpression of Transmembrane protein 18 (TMEM18) provides NSCs and neural precursors an increased migration capacity towards glioblastoma cells in vitro and in the rat brain, while functional inactivation of the gene resulted in an almost complete loss of migration activity, suggesting that TMEM18 could be a potential target in NSC-based glioma therapy. Other recent results suggest that among others, the TMEM18 loci is associated with higher than normal body mass index (BMI) and obesity, indicating there may be a CNS-related role in predisposition to obesity. Multiple isoforms of TMEM18 are known to exist.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Syntaphilin was initially identified in a yeast two-hybrid screen with the carboxy terminal region of Syntaxin-1 as bait. Syntaxin-1 is a key component of the synaptic vesicle docking machinery that forms the SNARE complex with synaptobrevin and SNAP-25. Syntaphilin competes with SNAP-25 for binding to syntaxin-1 and inhibits the formation of the SNARE complex, thereby potentially regulating synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Syntaphilin also binds dynamin-1 and inhibits dynamin-dependent endocytosis. Mice lacking syntaphilin show an increased level of mitochondrial motility and a reduced density of axonal mitochondria. This correlates with an enhanced short-term facilitation and significant impairments in motor ability, suggesting syntaphilin plays a major role in presynaptic function. Multiple isoforms are known to exist.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Tumor endothelial marker 7 (TEM7) was identified through serial analysis of gene expression on endothelial cells isolated from human normal and malignant colorectal tissues. Further experiments verified TEM7 was highly expressed in the endothelium of numerous other cancer types including breast, lung and brain tumors. At least four isoforms of TEM7 are known to exist; these include intracellular, secreted, and membrane-bound forms. A homologous protein, TEM7R (also known as PLXDC2), acts as a binding partner to TEM7 and is also abundantly expressed in the endothelium of malignant colorectal cancer but is absent or rare in normal colon mucosa. High expression of TEM7 is associated with metastasis and poor survival of patients with osteogenic sarcoma.

Supplier: Rockland Immunochemical

Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily members are defined by cysteine-rich domains in their extracellular regions that bind TNF-related ligands that share a common structural homology in their extracellular domain. TNFRSF14 was initially identified as the Herpesvirus entry mediator and upon binding to the herpes simplex virus (HSV) envelope glycoprotein D or either of its natural ligands LIGHT and lymphotoxin alpha (LT), activates the transcription factors NF-kB and AP-1. Activation of this signal transduction pathway in T cells stimulates T cell proliferation and cytokine production, leading to inflammation and enhanced CTL-mediated tumor immunity, suggesting that these proteins may be useful as potential targets for controlling cellular immune responses.