44137 Results for: "Bioss"

Supplier: Bioss

This gene encodes one of three opioid receptors. The mu opioid receptor is the principal target of endogenous opioid peptides and opioid analgesic agents such a s beta-endorphn and enkephalins. The NM_001008503.1:c.118A>G allele had been associated with opioid and alcohol addiction and variations in pain sensitivity but evidence is conflicting. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2012]

Supplier: Bioss

Ran (ras-related nuclear protein) is a small GTP binding protein belonging to the RAS superfamily that is essential for the translocation of RNA and proteins through the nuclear pore complex. The Ran protein is also involved in control of DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression. Nuclear localization of Ran requires the presence of regulator of chromosome condensation 1 (RCC1). Mutations in Ran disrupt DNA synthesis. Because of its many functions, it is likely that Ran interacts with several other proteins. Ran regulates formation and organization of the microtubule network independently of its role in the nucleus-cytosol exchange of macromolecules. Ran could be a key signaling molecule regulating microtubule polymerization during mitosis. RCC1 generates a high local concentration of Ran-GTP around chromatin which, in turn, induces the local nucleation of microtubules. Ran is an androgen receptor (AR) coactivator that binds differentially with different lengths of polyglutamine within the androgen receptor. Polyglutamine repeat expansion in the AR is linked to Kennedy's disease (X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy). Ran coactivation of the AR diminishes with polyglutamine expansion within the AR, and this weak coactivation may lead to partial androgen insensitivity during the development of Kennedy's disease.

Supplier: Bioss

Claudin 6 is a multipass transmembrane protein in the Claudin family. Claudin 6 is expressed by epithelial cells where it participates in tissue development and the maintenance of tight junction integrity. Claudin 6 is also a global marker of definitive endoderm. Directly interacts with TJP1/ZO-1, TJP2/ZO-2 and TJP3/ZO-3.

Supplier: Bioss

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Nucleosomes consist of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H4 family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails; instead, they contain a palindromic termination element. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].

Supplier: Bioss

Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE) and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. ARF6 acts as a key regulator of the tissue-specific adipocyte P2 (aP2) enhancer. Acts as a critical regulator of gut homeostasis by suppressing NF-kappa-B-mediated proinflammatory responses.

Supplier: Bioss

Paxillin is a 64 kDa cytoskeletal adapter protein involved in organisation and function of focal adhesions, which are critical to cell adhesion and migration. This in turn plays a role in a wide variety of processes including embryogenesis, organogenesis, wound repair, inflammation and cancer. Paxillin contains LD motifs, LIM domains, SH3 and SH2 binding domains that serve as docking sites for cytoskeletal proteins, tyrosine kinases (e.g., FAK, Pyk 2, Src), serine/threonine kinases, GTPase activating proteins and other adaptor proteins (e.g., Actin, Vinculin, Crk).

Supplier: Bioss

Paxillin is a 64 kDa cytoskeletal adapter protein involved in organisation and function of focal adhesions, which are critical to cell adhesion and migration. This in turn plays a role in a wide variety of processes including embryogenesis, organogenesis, wound repair, inflammation and cancer. Paxillin contains LD motifs, LIM domains, SH3 and SH2 binding domains that serve as docking sites for cytoskeletal proteins, tyrosine kinases (e.g., FAK, Pyk 2, Src), serine/threonine kinases, GTPase activating proteins and other adaptor proteins (e.g., Actin, Vinculin, Crk).

Supplier: Bioss

The Trk family of nerve growth factor receptors includes Trk A(also referfed to as Trk A gp140),Trk B and Trk C. The prototype member of this gene family, Trk A, encodes a 140 kDa cell surface receptor , gp140, the expression of which is restricted in vivo to neurons of the sensory spinal and cranial gangliaof neurocrest origin. Nerve growth factor (NGF) stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of Trk gp 140 in neural cell lines and in embryonic dorsal root ganglia. By comparison, BDNF and to a lesser extent, NT-3, but not NGF, can induce tyrosine phophorylayion of Trk B gp 145. The third member of the Trk receptor family, Trk C incodes a 140 kDa protein, Trk C gp140, that is preferentially expressed in brain tissue and primarily functions as a receptor for NT-3.An additional component of the Trk receptor complex, NGFR p175, binds to neurotrophic factors with low affinity but is required for efficient signaling. NGFR p175 accelerates Trk activation and may recruit downstream dffector molecules to the ligand-bound receptor complex.

Supplier: Bioss

DNA PK is the key component of the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway of DSB repair in mammalian cells. DNA PK consists of a heterodimeric DNA-binding subunit (Ku70/80) and an approximately 465 kDa catalytic subunit (DNA PKcs). DNA PKcs is a serine/threonine protein kinase whose activity is greatly stimulated by its recruitment to DNA breaks by the Ku heterodimer.

Supplier: Bioss

Modulation of the chromatin structure plays an important role in the regulation of transcription in eukaryotes. The nucleosome, made up of four core histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4), is the primary building block of chromatin. The N-terminal tail of core histones undergoes different posttranslational modifications including acetylation, phosphorylation and methylation. These modifications occur in response to cell signal stimuli and have a direct effect on gene expression. In most species, the histone H2B is primarily acetylated at lysines 5, 12, 15 and 20. Histone H3 is primarily acetylated at lysines 9, 14, 18 and 23. Acetylation at lysine 9 appears to have a dominant role in histone deposition and chromatin assembly in some organisms. Phosphorylation at Ser10 of histone H3 is tightly correlated with chromosome condensation during both mitosis and meiosis.

Supplier: Bioss

Modulation of the chromatin structure plays an important role in the regulation of transcription in eukaryotes. The nucleosome, made up of four core histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4), is the primary building block of chromatin. The N-terminal tail of core histones undergoes different posttranslational modifications including acetylation, phosphorylation and methylation. These modifications occur in response to cell signal stimuli and have a direct effect on gene expression. In most species, the histone H2B is primarily acetylated at lysines 5, 12, 15 and 20. Histone H3 is primarily acetylated at lysines 9, 14, 18 and 23. Acetylation at lysine 9 appears to have a dominant role in histone deposition and chromatin assembly in some organisms. Phosphorylation at Ser10 of histone H3 is tightly correlated with chromosome condensation during both mitosis and meiosis.

Supplier: Bioss

Transcriptional repressor of genes that require a bHLH protein for their transcription. Plays an important role as neurogenesis negative regulator (By similarity).

Supplier: Bioss

Postsynaptic density scaffolding protein. Binds and cross-links cytoplasmic regions of GRM1, GRM5, ITPR1, DNM3, RYR1, RYR2, SHANK1 and SHANK3. By physically linking GRM1 and GRM5 with ER-associated ITPR1 receptors, it aids the coupling of surface receptors to intracellular calcium release. May also couple GRM1 to PI3 kinase through its interaction with AGAP2. Isoforms can be differently regulated and may play an important role in maintaining the plasticity at glutamatergic synapses.

Supplier: Bioss

Postsynaptic density scaffolding protein. Binds and cross-links cytoplasmic regions of GRM1, GRM5, ITPR1, DNM3, RYR1, RYR2, SHANK1 and SHANK3. By physically linking GRM1 and GRM5 with ER-associated ITPR1 receptors, it aids the coupling of surface receptors to intracellular calcium release. May also couple GRM1 to PI3 kinase through its interaction with AGAP2. Isoforms can be differently regulated and may play an important role in maintaining the plasticity at glutamatergic synapses.

Supplier: Bioss

Kilham Rat Virus/KRV-VP1/KRV-VP2 (C-terminus)

Supplier: Bioss

Protein kinase which is a key regulator of actin cytoskeleton and cell polarity. Involved in regulation of smooth muscle contraction, actin cytoskeleton organization, stress fiber and focal adhesion formation, neurite retraction, cell adhesion and motility via phosphorylation of DAPK3, GFAP, LIMK1, LIMK2, MYL9/MLC2, PFN1 and PPP1R12A. Phosphorylates FHOD1 and acts synergistically with it to promote SRC-dependent non-apoptotic plasma membrane blebbing. Phosphorylates JIP3 and regulates the recruitment of JNK to JIP3 upon UVB-induced stress. Acts as a suppressor of inflammatory cell migration by regulating PTEN phosphorylation and stability. Acts as a negative regulator of VEGF-induced angiogenic endothelial cell activation. Required for centrosome positioning and centrosome-dependent exit from mitosis. Plays a role in terminal erythroid differentiation. May regulate closure of the eyelids and ventral body wall by inducing the assembly of actomyosin bundles. Promotes keratinocyte terminal differentiation. Involved in osteoblast compaction through the fibronectin fibrillogenesis cell-mediated matrix assembly process, essential for osteoblast mineralization.

Supplier: Bioss

Protein kinase which is a key regulator of actin cytoskeleton and cell polarity. Involved in regulation of smooth muscle contraction, actin cytoskeleton organization, stress fiber and focal adhesion formation, neurite retraction, cell adhesion and motility via phosphorylation of DAPK3, GFAP, LIMK1, LIMK2, MYL9/MLC2, PFN1 and PPP1R12A. Phosphorylates FHOD1 and acts synergistically with it to promote SRC-dependent non-apoptotic plasma membrane blebbing. Phosphorylates JIP3 and regulates the recruitment of JNK to JIP3 upon UVB-induced stress. Acts as a suppressor of inflammatory cell migration by regulating PTEN phosphorylation and stability. Acts as a negative regulator of VEGF-induced angiogenic endothelial cell activation. Required for centrosome positioning and centrosome-dependent exit from mitosis. Plays a role in terminal erythroid differentiation. May regulate closure of the eyelids and ventral body wall by inducing the assembly of actomyosin bundles. Promotes keratinocyte terminal differentiation. Involved in osteoblast compaction through the fibronectin fibrillogenesis cell-mediated matrix assembly process, essential for osteoblast mineralization.

Supplier: Bioss

Down-regulates ESR1 protein levels through the ubiquitination-proteasome pathway, regardless of the presence of 17 beta-estradiol. Also involved in 17 beta-estradiol-induced ESR1 degradation. Controls PGR protein levels through a similar mechanism.

Supplier: Bioss

Major glycoprotein of vascular endothelium. Involved in the regulation of angiogenesis. May play a critical role in the binding of endothelial cells to integrins and/or other RGD receptors. Acts as TGF-beta coreceptor and is involved in the TGF-beta/BMP signaling cascade. Required for GDF2/BMP9 signaling through SMAD1 in endothelial cells and modulates TGF-beta1 signaling through SMAD3.

Supplier: Bioss

Forms a water-specific channel that provides the plasma membranes of renal collecting duct with high permeability to water, thereby permitting water to move in the direction of an osmotic gradient.

Supplier: Bioss

EGF stimulates the growth of various epidermal and epithelial tissues in vivo and in vitro and of some fibroblasts in cell culture. Magnesiotropic hormone that stimulates magnesium reabsorption in the renal distal convoluted tubule via engagement of EGFR and activation of the magnesium channel TRPM6 (By similarity).

Supplier: Bioss

The insulin-like growth factors, isolated from plasma, are structurally and functionally related to insulin but have a much higher growth-promoting activity. May be a physiological regulator of [1-14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblasts. Stimulates glucose transport in rat bone-derived osteoblastic (PyMS) cells and is effective at much lower concentrations than insulin, not only regarding glycogen and DNA synthesis but also with regard to enhancing glucose uptake. May play a role in synapse maturation.

Supplier: Bioss

The insulin-like growth factors, isolated from plasma, are structurally and functionally related to insulin but have a much higher growth-promoting activity. May be a physiological regulator of [1-14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblasts. Stimulates glucose transport in rat bone-derived osteoblastic (PyMS) cells and is effective at much lower concentrations than insulin, not only regarding glycogen and DNA synthesis but also with regard to enhancing glucose uptake. May play a role in synapse maturation.

Supplier: Bioss

Produced by T-cells in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation, this protein is required for T-cell proliferation and other activities crucial to regulation of the immune response. Can stimulate B-cells, monocytes, lymphokine-activated killer cells, natural killer cells, and glioma cells.

Supplier: Bioss

Cytokine with a wide variety of biological functions. It is a potent inducer of the acute phase response. Plays an essential role in the final differentiation of B-cells into Ig-secreting cells Involved in lymphocyte and monocyte differentiation. Acts on B-cells, T-cells, hepatocytes, hematopoietic progenitor cells and cells of the CNS. Required for the generation of T(H)17 cells. Also acts as a myokine. It is discharged into the bloodstream after muscle contraction and acts to increase the breakdown of fats and to improve insulin resistance. It induces myeloma and plasmacytoma growth and induces nerve cells differentiation.

Supplier: Bioss

High density lipoprotein

Supplier: Bioss

The insulin-like growth factors, isolated from plasma, are structurally and functionally related to insulin but have a much higher growth-promoting activity. May be a physiological regulator of [1-14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblasts. Stimulates glucose transport in rat bone-derived osteoblastic (PyMS) cells and is effective at much lower concentrations than insulin, not only regarding glycogen and DNA synthesis but also with regard to enhancing glucose uptake. May play a role in synapse maturation.

Supplier: Bioss

The insulin-like growth factors, isolated from plasma, are structurally and functionally related to insulin but have a much higher growth-promoting activity. May be a physiological regulator of [1-14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblasts. Stimulates glucose transport in rat bone-derived osteoblastic (PyMS) cells and is effective at much lower concentrations than insulin, not only regarding glycogen and DNA synthesis but also with regard to enhancing glucose uptake. May play a role in synapse maturation.

Supplier: Bioss

Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE) and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. ARF6 acts as a key regulator of the tissue-specific adipocyte P2 (aP2) enhancer. Acts as a critical regulator of gut homeostasis by suppressing NF-kappa-B-mediated proinflammatory responses. Plays a role in the regulation of cardiovascular circadian rhythms by regulating the transcription of ARNTL/BMAL1 in the blood vessels (By similarity).

Supplier: Bioss

Acts as a negative regulator of the proliferation of normal cells by interacting strongly with CDK4 and CDK6. This inhibits their ability to interact with cyclins D and to phosphorylate the retinoblastoma protein.