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Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The 53-6.7 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with Ly-2, the 38 kDa alpha chain, and with Lyt-2, the 34 kDa alpha’ chain, of the mouse CD8 antigen. The alpha’ chain is the truncated form of alpha chain, encoded by the same CD8a gene. In CD8a, the alpha and alpha’ chains form heterodimers with CD8b (the beta chains) or homodimers (alpha-alpha), which occur as receptors on the surface of the majority of thymocytes. A subpopulation of mature T lymphocytes expresses the CD8 alpha beta (alpha beta TCR T cells), and a subpopulation of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes and dendritic cells express CD8a without CD8b.CD8 interacts with the mouse major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC class I) molecules on antigen-presenting cells or epithelial cells. Its function seems to be to attenuate the CD8-mediated signal for the stimulation of intrathymic T-cell maturation.The 53-6.7 antibody is useful for depleting CD8+ peripheral T lymphocytes. It cross reacts with the alpha- and alpha’-like polypeptides on some thymic and peripheral lymphocytes.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The 104 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with the mouse CD45 molecule, the Leukocyte Common Antigen (LCA) which occurs in the alloantigen CD45.2-expressing mouse strains (C57BL/6, CBA, 129, A, AKR, C58, DBA/1, DBA/2, BALB/c, and C3H/He). The 104 monoclonal antibody does not react with the leukocytes of the CD45.1-expressing mouse strains (DA, SJL/J, RIII, and STS/A). The CD45 molecule is a member of the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTP) family, because its intracellular region contains two PTP domains. The extracellular region’s variability is caused by different levels of glycosylation, and the splicing of the 4, 5, and 6 exons. The isoforms found in the mouse strains depend on the activation state, maturation stage and cell type, and are very important in B and T lymphocytes antigen receptor signal transduction. The 104 antibody inhibits some of the B lymphocytes responses, reduces the serum IgG levels, and influences the autoimmune renal pathology.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The HM40-3 monoclonal antibody reacts with mouse CD40, a 48kDA type I glycoprotein known as Bp50. CD40 is part of the TNFR family and expressed on a subset of T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. It has been shown to be involved in the protection of B cells from apoptosis, B cell differentiation, co-stimulation, and isotype class-switching. The HM40-3 antibody blocks the binding of CD40L (CD154) and stimulates B and dendritic cell proliferation.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The TL2.1 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with human CD282, the Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). It is a type I transmembrane signaling receptor containing IL-1 receptor like intracellular domain and leucine-rich repeats (LRR) in the extracellular domain. CD282 is expressed on peripheral blood monocytes and is involved distinguishing bacterial lipoproteins. The TL2.1 antibody blocks the receptor and immunoprecipitates TLR2 from human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The 3D12 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with human CD197 (CCR7 or EBI-1), a seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled. It is the receptor for the secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine (SLC or 6CKine), CCL19, and CCL21. CD197 is expressed on subsets of B and T cells, and mature dendritic cells. The monoclonal 3D12 antibody recognizes the N-terminus of the receptor.
We recommend that this antibody be incubated for at least 45 minutes at 4°C for optimal staining.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The DTA-1 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with mouse Glucocorticoid-Induced TNFR-related protein, also known as GITR and TNFRSF18, a 66-70 kDa homodimer glycoprotein, detected in the T cells treated with glucocorticoid dexamethasone. GITR is also expressed in naïve mice by CD25+/CD4+/CD8a- thymocytes and on CD25+/CD4+/CD45RB-low splenocytes. Low levels were detected in splenic CD25+/CD4+/CD45RB-low T cells, B cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. A GITR ligand was detected on dendritic cells, macrophages and B cells.The DTA-1 antibody stimulates GITR and abrogates suppression by T regulatory cells (Treg), without affecting their proliferation. DTA-1 administration or the removal of GITR-expressing cells led to organ specific autoimmune disease.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The DTA-1 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with mouse Glucocorticoid-Induced TNFR-related protein, also known as GITR and TNFRSF18, a 66-70 kDa homodimer glycoprotein, detected in the T cells treated with glucocorticoid dexamethasone. GITR is also expressed in naïve mice by CD25+/CD4+/CD8a- thymocytes and on CD25+/CD4+/CD45RB-low splenocytes. Low levels were detected in splenic CD25+/CD4+/CD45RB-low T cells, B cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. A GITR ligand was detected on dendritic cells, macrophages and B cells.The DTA-1 antibody stimulates GITR and abrogates suppression by T regulatory cells (Treg), without affecting their proliferation. DTA-1 administration or the removal of GITR-expressing cells led to organ specific autoimmune disease.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The 61D3 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with CD14, a cell surface anchored glycoprotein that is primarily expressed on monocytes, inerfollicular macrophages, and a subset of dendritic cells. CD14 associates with MD-2 (LY-96) and TLR4 to form a receptor complex, which signals specifically in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding. The CD14/MD-2/TLR4 receptor complex signals via MyD88, TIRAP, and TRAF6, and ultimately activates NF-kappaB.
BG Violet 450 conjugate is an alternative to the Pacific Blue, eFluor 450, or BD Horizon V450 dyes. It is excited by the violet (405 nm) laser, with a peak emission of 450nm.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The P84 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with mouse CD172a, a type I transmembrane protein otherwise known as the signal-regulatory protein alpha. It is an adhesion molecules expressed on dendritic cells, monocytes, macrophages, and neuronal tissue. It is reported to be involved in regulating the phagocytic activity of macrophages and mediating neural synaptic activity. The P84 antibody is reported to have neutralizing capability.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The 53-6.7 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with Ly-2, the 38 kDa alpha chain, and with Lyt-2, the 34 kDa alpha’ chain, of the mouse CD8 antigen. The alpha’ chain is the truncated form of alpha chain, encoded by the same CD8a gene. In CD8a, the alpha and alpha’ chains form heterodimers with CD8b (the beta chains) or homodimers (alpha-alpha), which occur as receptors on the surface of the majority of thymocytes. A subpopulation of mature T lymphocytes expresses the CD8 alpha beta (alpha beta TCR T cells), and a subpopulation of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes and dendritic cells express CD8a without CD8b.CD8 interacts with the mouse major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC class I) molecules on antigen-presenting cells or epithelial cells. Its function seems to be to attenuate the CD8-mediated signal for the stimulation of intrathymic T-cell maturation.The 53-6.7 antibody is useful for depleting CD8+ peripheral T lymphocytes. It cross reacts with the alpha- and alpha’-like polypeptides on some thymic and peripheral lymphocytes.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The RPA-T8 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with the human CD8a molecule, a 32 kDa cell surface receptor expressed either as a heterodimer (CD8 α/β) or as a homodimer (CD8 α/α) on the majority of thymocytes, a subpopulation of mature T cells, and natural killer cells. CD8 interacts with the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC class I) molecules on antigen-presenting cells or epithelial cells. The RPA-T8 antibody reacts with 13-48% of peripheral lymphocytes, 80% of thymocytes, and a subset of natural killer cells. RPA-T8, OKT8, and HIT8a antibodies do not compete with each other for binding to peripheral leukocytes, meaning that that they do not recognize the same epitope or block each other by steric hindrance.BG Violet 450 conjugate is an alternative to the Pacific Blue, eFluor 450, or BD Horizon V450 dyes. It is excited by the violet (405 nm) laser, with a peak emission of 450nm.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The GARP5 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with human Glycoprotein A Repetitions Predominant (GARP, also known as LRRC32 or Garpin) molecule, a 80 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on the cell surface. GARP is expressed in activated Treg cells, placenta, pancreas, liver, skeletal muscle, heart, lung, and kidney, and it acts as a receptor for latent TGF-β, which down-regulates the Treg cells action.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The H57-597 monoclonal antibody is specific for the beta chain of the mouse T cell Receptor (TCR). The crosslinking induces activation and proliferation of T cells, as a plate-bound or a soluble H57-597, or the plate-bound antibody can induce apoptosis, based on assay conditions. The beta chain of the TCR can combine with the alpha chain of the receptor to produce the alpha-beta TCR, which is expressed by the NKT cells, by the NK1.1+ thymocytes and most of the T cells. The beta chain does not react with the gamma-delta TCR-bearing cells, expressed by a small number of T cells. This antibody can be used as a phenotypic marker for the TCR beta expressing cells or for the functional purpose of TCR-mediated cell activation or apoptosis.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The 17B7 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to mouse and rat IL-17A, a pro-inflammatory cytokine. It is produced by T helper 17 (Th17) cells, a unique subset of IL-23 dependent CD4+ T cells. Interleukin-17A is highly expressed in transplant rejection, asthma, psoriasis, and multiple sclerosis, and enhances the expression of ICAM-1 in human fibroblasts. The homodimer is expressed by activated peripheral CD4+ T lymphocytes. The Interleukin-17A binds to the IL-17 receptors (IL-17R) expressed by mast cells, monocytes and macrophages, fibroblasts, and endothelial and epithelial cells.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The UC10-4F10-11 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with the mouse Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen-4 (CTLA-4), also known as CD152. It is a protein with a structure similar to CD28 regarding the genomic organization, amino acid sequence, and structure. CTLA-4 is expressed on activated T cells and CD25+/CD4+ Treg lymphocytes and binds the members of the B7 family, B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86), with higher affinity than CD28. CD28 seems to provide opposing signal to T lymphocytes, while CD152 inhibits the T lymphocytes progression to an activated state and their proliferation, CD28 is a costimulator. The mouse UC10 -4F10-11 monoclonal antibody does not cross-react with the rat leukocytes.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The 145-2C11 monoclonal antibody reacts with mouse CD3e, the 20 kDa ε chain of the TCR complex. Together with the γ and δ subunits of CD3, the ε subunits are involved in the assembly, trafficking, and surface expression of T-cell receptor complex. CD3 is expressed on thymocytes, mature T cells, and natural killer T cells, and the ε chain enhances the antigen recognition.The 145-2C11 antibody binds to the TCR complex and, depending on the conditions, initiates T cells activation, proliferation, and apoptosis. The soluble antibody seems to block lysis of target cells by antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The 145-2C11 antibody does not cross-react with the rat leukocytes, and it is used as a phenotypic marker for mouse T lymphocytes.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The DATK32 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with an epitoPEof the Mouseα4β7 integrin (LPAM-1). The two subunits of the LPAM-1 heterodimer are the 154 kDa α4 and the 130 kDa β7. Most mature lymphocytes, a subset of bone marrow cells, and some of the thymic cells express the α4β7 integrin heterodimer. α4β7 enhances the transendothelial migration of lymphocytes, and interacts with several ligands (fibronectin, CD106, and MAdCAM-1). The interaction of DATK32 with the α4β7 induces the α4β7-dependent lymphocyte aggregation and inhibits LPAM-1-dediated cell adhesion.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The N418 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with the integrin αx chain of the mouse CD11c, which is expressed on dendritic cells, CD4-/CD8+ intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) and some activated T lymphocytes. Low levels of CD11c were detected on mouse splenic natural killer cells and on the monocyte/macrophage lineage cells.CD11c expression is upregulated on IEL and T lymphocytes after activation. It binds to CD54, fibrinogen and iC3b and influences the leukocyte adhesive interactions. The N418 antibody binds to CD11c on splenic dendritic cells of the mouse in the T-dependent areas. It also contributes to the binding of iC3b.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The C17.8 antibody specifically reacts with the p40 subunit of IL-12, as free monomer, as a homodimer, or as a part of the p70 dimer. C17.8 seems to neutralize the activity of mouse IL-12 and IL-23. IL-12 is the p70 heterodimer of p35 and p40, expressed by the macrophages, dendritic cells, and monocytes. The C17.8 antibody cross-reacts with IL-23, since IL-23 also contains one p40 subunit.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The APA5 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to the mouse CD140a molecule, otherwise known as the Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) Receptor alpha chain. CD140a is a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed on embryonic tissues and adult mesenchymal-derived cells. It binds to PDGF A and B chains and is reported to be involved with wound healing and exhibits chemo-attractant properties. The APA5 antibody blocks the binding of PDGF-AA to the PDGF receptor.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The 11B11 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with mouse 14 kDa cytokine IL-4, expressed by the activated NKT cells and mast cells. IL-4 is species-specific and stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of B lymphocytes. It upregulates the expression of IgE receptors and class II MHC antigen.The 11B11 antibody neutralizes the IL-4 cytokine.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The ISA-3 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with human CD278 or Inducible COStimulatory molecule (ICOS), a 47-60 kDA homodimeric glycoprotein also known as H4, AILIM, and CRP-1. It is expressed on activated T cells and a group of thymocytes and is involved in the proliferation, activation, and cytokine production of T cells. When plate-bound, the ISA-3 antibody induces the production of IL-4,5,10 in T cells.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The DTA-1 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with MouseGlucocorticoid-Induced TNFR-related protein, also known as GITR and TNFRSF18, a 66-70 kDa homodimer glycoprotein, detected in the T cells treated with glucocorticoid dexamethasone. GITR is also expressed in naïve mice by CD25+/CD4+/CD8a- thymocytes and on CD25+/CD4+/CD45RB-low splenocytes. Low levels were detected in splenic CD25+/CD4+/CD45RB-low T cells, B cells, dendritic cells and macrophages. A GITR ligand was detected on dendritic cells, macrophages and B cells.The DTA-1 antibody stimulates GITR and abrogates suppression by T regulatory cells (Treg), without affecting their proliferation. DTA-1 administration or the removal of GITR-expressing cells led to organ specific autoimmune disease.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The RPA-T4 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to the CD4 receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). CD4 is a 59 kDa single-chain transmembrane glycoprotein that expressed on the surface of most of the thymocytes, T-helper cells, and in low levels on monocytes and macrophages. CD4 is a co-receptor in the antigen-induced T cell activation, together with the MHC class II. The RPA-T4 antibody is capable of blocking HIV binding and inhibiting syncytium formation, by binding to the D1 domain of the CD4 antigen. The OKT4 and the RPA-T4 monoclonal antibodies recognize different epitopes of CD4 and they do not exhibit cross-block binding.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The LN3 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with the human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR), a MHC class II heterodimeric surface glycoprotein. HLA-DR is expressed on the antigen presenting surfaces of monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, activated T cells, and B cells. It is integral to peptide presentation to CD4+ T cells.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The 6C4 monoclonal antibody specifically recognizes two isoforms of human CD32, Fc gamma RIIA and Fc gamma RIIB. From alternative mRNA splicing, 6 isoforms of CD32 have been reported. CD32 is a 40 kDA polymorphic transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on monocytes, macrophages, graulocytes, B cells, and platelets. The receptor has low affinity toward IgG and is involved in immunomodulation, phagocytosis, and the inflammation response. The 6C4 antibody in a rosette blocking assay is reported to inhibit Ig binding

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The HP-3G10 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to an 80 kDa homodimer type II membrane glycoprotein from the C-type lectin superfamily, known as the human CD161 or NKR-P1A. CD161 is expressed on most natural killer cells, subsets of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, γδ TCR T lymphocytes, a subset of CD3+ thymocytes, and especially on CD45RO+ T lymphocytes. Reports indicate that it may serve as a specific receptor for some natural killer cell targets and a possible stimulatory role.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The OKT8 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with human CD8α molecule, a tyPEI transmembrane glycoprotein of 32-34 kDa. CD8α is a member of the Ig superfamily, expressed as a homodimer (CD8αα) or as a heterodimer (CD8αβ). CD8+ αβ T lymphocytes express both CD8αα and CD8αβ, while some T lymphocytes and the natural killer cells express only the homodimers. CD8 binds to MHC class I and influences the development and the activation of T lymphocytes.OKT8, RPA-T8, and HIT8a antibodies do not compete with each other for binding to peripheral leukocytes, meaning that that they do not recognize the same epitoPEor block each other by steric hindrance.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The 1A8 monoclonal antibody specifically reacts with the 21-25 kDa glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored protein known as Ly-6G, expressed by the granulocytes from the bone marrow and periphery neutrophils. Ly-6G and Ly-6C form the Granulocyte Receptor-1 antigen (GR-1). The binding of the 1A8 antibody to the Ly-6G can be blocked by another antibody, RB6-8C5, which also recognizes Ly-6C. While 1A8 is specific for only Ly-6G, RB6-8C5 also binds to Ly-6C.

Supplier: BIOGEMS INTERNATIONAL INC.

The OKT4 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to the CD4 receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). CD4 is a 59 kDa single-chain transmembrane glycoprotein that expressed on the surface of most of the thymocytes, T-helper cells, and in low levels on monocytes and macrophages. CD4 is a co-receptor in the antigen-induced T cell activation (together with the MHC class II). The OKT4 and the RPA-T4 monoclonal antibodies recognize different epitopes of CD4 and they do not exhibit cross-block binding.